IN infections of mammalian malaria induced by sporozoites, the first indication of infection in the vertebrate host is the presence of exoerythrocytic schizonts in the parenchymal cells of the liver.

The circumsporozoite protein (CSP) has a key role in several stages of the Plasmodium life cycle, including the development of the sporozoite form of the parasite and its entry into the salivary ...

Moreover, the statistical probability of being infected by sporozoites increases to nearly 100% when, for example, the stay in the endemic area exceeds 4 weeks and 10 bites per night are received ...

The infectious form of the parasite is the oocyst, which releases invasive sporozoites that enable the parasite to take up an intracellular location in the intestinal epithelial cell. Like ...

Advancements in vaccine development for parasitic infections, particularly malaria, are crucial for reducing global health burdens in vulnerable populations.