1. | [t][i] 挠，搔（痒处）to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is itching |
John yawned and scratched his chin. 约翰打个哈欠，挠挠下巴。 | |
The dog scratched itself behind the ear. 狗用爪子挠挠耳后。 | |
Try not to scratch. 尽量别挠。 | |
She scratched at the insect bites on her arm. 她挠了挠胳膊上虫咬的包。 |
2. | [t][i] 划破，抓破，划伤，抓伤（皮肤）to cut or damage your skin slightly with sth sharp |
I'd scratched my leg and it was bleeding. 我把腿抓出了血。 | |
Does the cat scratch? 这只猫抓人吗？ | |
She scratched herself on a nail. 她被钉子划了一下。 |
3. | [t] ~ sth （尤指意外地）擦破，划损，刮坏to damage the surface of sth, especially by accident, by making thin shallow marks on it |
Be careful not to scratch the furniture. 小心别刮坏家具。 | |
The car's paintwork is badly scratched. 车的漆面划损得很厉害。 |
4. | [t] ~ sth + adv./prep. 刮出（或刮去）痕迹；划下（或擦去）痕迹to make or remove a mark, etc. on sth deliberately, by rubbing it with sth hard or sharp |
They scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch. 他们在泥地上划出一个球场。 | |
We scratched some of the dirt away. 我们刮掉了一些脏东西。 | |
You can scratch my name off the list. 你可以把我的名字从名单上勾掉。 |
5. | [i] (+ adv./prep.) 刮（或擦、抓）出刺耳声to make an irritating noise by rubbing sth with sth sharp |
His pen scratched away on the paper. 他的笔在纸上沙沙地响。 |
6. | [t] ~ a living 勉强维持生活to make enough money to live on, but with difficulty |
7. | [t][i] 取消；撤销；退出to decide that sth cannot happen or sb/sth cannot take part in sth, before it starts |
to scratch a rocket launch 取消火箭发射计划 | |
The horse was scratched from the race because of injury. 这匹马因伤被取消了比赛资格。 | |
She had scratched because of a knee injury. 她因膝伤退出了比赛。 |
1. | [c] （皮肤或物体表面上的）划痕，划伤a mark, a cut or an injury made by scratching sb's skin or the surface of sth |
Her hands were covered in scratches from the brambles. 她手上布满了荆棘划的口子。 | |
a scratch on the paintwork 漆面上的一道划痕 | |
It's only a scratch(= a very slight injury) . 不过是轻微的划伤。 | |
He escaped without a scratch(= was not hurt at all) . 他毫发未损地逃了出去。 |
2. | [sing] 刮（或擦、抓）的刺耳声the unpleasant sound of sth sharp or rough being rubbed against a surface |
3. | [sing] 挠痒；搔痒the act of scratching a part of your body when it itches |
Go on, have a good scratch! 来吧，好好挠一挠！ |
I learned German from scratch in six months. 我从零学起，六个月学会了德语。 |
They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch. 他们决定拆掉机器，从头再来。 |
I learned German from scratch in six months. 我从零学起，六个月学会了德语。 |
They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch. 他们决定拆掉机器，从头再来。 |
His work simply isn't up to scratch. 他的工作根本达不到要求。 | |
It'll take months to bring the band up to scratch. 得几个月工夫才能使乐队像个样子。 |
His work simply isn't up to scratch. 他的工作根本达不到要求。 | |
It'll take months to bring the band up to scratch. 得几个月工夫才能使乐队像个样子。 |
